Wednesday, August 27, 2008

Decline in Inequality? In the US?

There is finally some evidence that inequality in the US is declining! No, it's not income inequality, but instead inequality in the distribution of happiness. Betsey Stevenson and Justin Wolfers from the Wharton School discovered that while Americans on average have not gotten happier since the 1970s, the dispersion in happiness has declined steadily. Their NBER working paper is available here.

Here is the abstract:
This paper examines how the level and dispersion of self-reported happiness has evolved over the period 1972-2006. While there has been no increase in aggregate happiness, inequality in happiness has fallen substantially since the 1970s. There have been large changes in the level of happiness across groups: Two-thirds of the black-white happiness gap has been eroded, and the gender happiness gap has disappeared entirely. Paralleling changes in the income distribution, differences in happiness by education have widened substantially. We develop an integrated approach to measuring inequality and decomposing changes in the distribution of happiness, finding a pervasive decline in within-group inequality during the 1970s and 1980s that was experienced by even narrowly-defined demographic groups. Around one-third of this decline has subsequently been unwound. Juxtaposing these changes with large rises in income inequality suggests an important role for non-pecuniary factors in shaping the well-being distribution.

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